Disaster Management Manual
A manual for practitioners and decision makers!
Disaster Management Manual
A manual for practitioners and decision makers!
In the pandemic situation, the use of the big data ecosystem is very necessary to monitor and detect natural hazards, reduce their effects, and contribute to the recovery and reconstruction process 1. The major data source for post-disaster recovery monitoring is remote sensing data, including satellite and aerial imagery. Based on changes recorded by multi-temporal remote sensing data, needs for reconstruction around damaged areas can be detected and monitored. The methodology of change detection is similar in comparison to damage assessment. The recovery workers operate within health protocols, such as social distancing, wearing masks, washing hands regularly, not gathering, and restricting movement. Previously, workers were tested before entering the work location; only those who were healthy could work in the field.
Recovery efforts require coordination at several levels of government and stakeholder institutions having specific responsibilities for central and state government, the private sector, volunteer organizations, and international aid agencies. The recovery measures last until all systems are back to normal or better. The success of recovery measures depends on four actors at once. First, the central government plays an important role in the disaster recovery phase. The central government has the authority to cooperate with stakeholders, and conduct and facilitate the collection and management of donated resources and volunteers. In addition, the central government is authorized to lead simultaneous coordination with a number of stakeholders to quickly resolve recovery problems, as well as to provide resources based on need and within its capabilities, according to norms. Second, state and local governments are responsible for damage assessment and all the phases of recovery and reconstruction (short- to long-term). In addition, some of the state and local government tasks are to lead and support need and damage assessment operations, provide relevant data regarding the severity of the disaster and assessment of individual needs, participate in and support public information and education programs regarding recovery efforts and available central/state government assistance, and coordinate with the central government and other stakeholders for reconstruction management. Third, the private sector must be involved in disaster management and businesses must integrate disaster risk into their management practices. There is a need to involve the private sector in the areas of technical support, reconstruction efforts, risk management (including covering risks to their own assets), financial support of reconstruction efforts, and risk-informed investments in recovery efforts. Fourth, voluntary organizations and international aid agencies may participate in the activities regarding need and damage assessment and supporting government efforts in reconstruction, especially insofar as the mandate requires them. 2
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