2.4.4 References

2.4. Social Capital

¹ 2001, Putnam, Robert D. 2001. “Social Capital: Measurement and Consequences.” Isuma: Canadian Journal of Policy Research 2, Spring

² https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_capital

³ https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/shingi/2r98520000011w0l-att/2r98520000011w95.pdf

⁴ Ministry of land, infrastructure, transportation, and tourism, White paper „Disaster prevention” ｜Special Feature: Chapter 5.4 Future Direction: Social Capital and Revitalization of Local Disaster

⁵ Management Capacity (In Japanese) http://www.bousai.go.jp/kaigirep/hakusho/h26/honbun/0b_5s_04_00.html

⁶ 2015, West Nippon Exprwessway Company Limited. Communication report of NEXCO West group 2015

2.4.1. Civic roles in disaster management

¹ 2003, Pearce, L. Disaster Management and Community Planning, and Public Participation: How to Achieve Sustainable Hazard Mitigation. Natural Hazards 28, 211–228.

² 2014, 2014, Ishinomaki City, Ishinomaki City Basic Ordinance for Disaster Prevention

³ https://sendai-resilience.jp/en/efforts/government/development/

⁴ http://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/law/detail/?id=3322&vm=&re=

⁵ 2016, Gyousei, Article Explanation, Basic Act on Disaster Management

2.4.3. Disaster education and awareness

¹ http://www.bousai.go.jp/kohou/kouhoubousai/h21/01/special_01.html

² http://www.bousai.go.jp/kyoiku/kyokun/kyoukunnokeishou/

³ https://www.city.miyako.iwate.jp/kikaku/teiju/miyakotte.html

2.4.5.2. Civic participation - Civic participation for road maintenance (USA and Japan)

¹ 2019, T. Seto et al., The development of open source based citizen collaboration applications for infrastructure management: My City Report, Proceedings of the29th International Cartographic Conference, July, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6a17/b0f3485d129ee90c6715b1944e5a23205ea1.pdf

² https://www.open311.org/

³ https://sf311.org/information/recent-requests

⁴ http://www.seeclickfix.com

⁵ http://udottraffic.utah.gov/CitizenReporting.aspx

⁶ http://udottraffic.utah.gov/CitizenReporting.aspx

⁷ https://www.boston.gov/departments/innovation-and-technology/city-boston-apps

⁸ https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/adm/fsi/en/projects/cyber/project_00025.html

⁹ https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/adm/fsi/en/projects/cyber/project_00025.html

¹⁰ https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/adm/fsi/en/projects/cyber/project_00025.html

¹¹ 2016, Special committee on Maintenance, repair, and strengtheing of existing concrete structures, Japan concrete institute, Maintenance, repair, and strengtheing of existing concrete structures, Journal of Concrete enginnering, Vol.54, No.3, March

¹² 2014, I. Iwaki, Involvement of Local Residents with Extending Service-life of Concrete Structures, Journal of Concrete enginnering, Vol.52, No.9., September

¹³ 2014, I. Iwaki, Involvement of Local Residents with Extending Service-life of Concrete Structures, Journal of Concrete enginnering, Vol.52, No.9., September

¹⁴ 2007, H. Fukumoto, Michimori Kyusyu, Proceedings of infrastructure planning 2007, June

¹⁵ http://www.qsr.mlit.go.jp/n-michi/michimori/about/renkei/index.html

2.4.5.4. CIVIC ENGAGEMENT- COMMUNITY BUILDING FOR DISASTER (UK)

¹ 2016. North Ireland government, RCRG household flood plan 2016, December

² https://4a45412f-52d6-4a27-9a17-²468dacf30b5a.filesusr.com/ugd/e88f5c_7aafc89c55a845d0891456ef8e7c9db5.pdf

2.4.5.5. Disaster education –School education by road sector (Japan)

¹ https://hanshin-exp.co.jp/company/skill/library/other/60003.html

2.4.5.6. Disaster education – Earthquake disaster museum - (Japan)

¹ https://hanshin-exp.co.jp/english/businessdomain/disaster/museum.html

² https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHGsROKfheo&feature=emb_logo

2.4.5.7. Disaster education – Earthquake and tsunami virtual museum - (Japan)

¹ https://infra-archive311.jp/en/