KIOSK collects and organizes basic technologies from all fields that contribute to Measures and Construction.
To construct roads that are resistant to natural disasters, it is necessary to carry out proper construction works based on appropriate design. At the same time, there is a demand for considering not to damage the landscape when designing and constructing.
It is also important to continuously monitor the condition of the built roads, during the construction, to keep the safety and manage the construction works.
Various technologies are described here, but it is expected to implement the suitable Measures and Construction.
Figure 1.4.4 Example of slope collapse prevention construction
Embankment is a man-made structure. Unlike natural ground that has been formed over a long period of time, man-made structure is constructed in a short period of time. Generally, its strength and toughness are weaker than natural ground. Therefore, it is needed to apply enough compaction to the soil or/and apply a soil improvement to construct the embankment, which has enough strength and toughness.
In this section, ground improvement related technologies are described here.
When a road is constructed along a slope, it is required that suitable measures are taken to prevent the slope failure. And recently, there are many cases where greening work, which takes into consideration the environment, is also combined with current slope failure prevention works. With the recent development of sensor technology and robot technology, early warning systems and robotic construction work techniques are developed that enable them to conduct construction works more safely.
When a road is constructed along a rock fall area, it is required that suitable measures are taken to prevent the rock fall. With the recent development of sensor technology combined with numerical analysis techniques, monitoring techniques and early warning systems are updated. That enables road managers to conduct measures and construction works more effectively.
Generally, debris flow suddenly attacks a road and it is difficult to predict its occurrence. Therefore, both detecting and protecting technologies should be implemented at the location where there is a high debris flow risk. The key is to detect the debris flow in real time and transmit the data or alert as quickly as possible to road administrators or directly to personnel who drive cars. Also, debris barriers are effective facilities for protecting roads.
There are two targets to which an enhancing earthquake resistance technique should be applied. The first one is to improve the earthquake resistance of the structure itself, and the second one is to improve the earthquake resistance of the ground where the structure is constructed. The important thing is to check that these earthquake-resistant construction techniques are properly applied. For checking them, inspections and diagnostics are required to be carried out during and after the construction works.
Soft ground related technologies are mainly consisting of ground improvement technologies. In urban area, there are many obstacles underground. To keep the safety and effectiveness of the construction, several ground improvement technologies which include control drilling techniques or newly developed equipments are developed.
There are two aspects for emergency measures. One is the early warning before disasters occur. And the second one is a quick survey of the damage caused by disasters. For this purpose, many early warning systems and monitoring systems have been developed. Since it is necessary to investigate huge areas in a short time, non-destructive testing methods and robot-based technologies have been implemented.